Adaptive beamforming with joint robustness against covariance matrix uncertainty and signal steering vector mismatch

A novel adaptive beamforming algorithm that is robust against covariance matrix uncertainty and the signal steering vector mismatch is proposed. Based on the optimisation of the diagonal loading covariance matrix in the sense of minimum mean square error, the mismatch vector between the actual steering vector and the presumed one is estimated iteratively by solving a quadratic convex optimisation problem, which is then used to update the steering vector to obtain the optimal beamformer.