Abū al-Faraj ibn al-Tcombining dot belowayyib on spirit and soul

The question of the precise distinction between, nafs and rūhcombining dot below, "soul" and "spirit" respectively, occupied Arabic-writing thinkers of all faiths. We publish here a short disquisition upon the subject by Abū al-Faraj ibn al-Tcombining dot belowayyib (d. 1048), a Christian philosopher, physician, and theologian of Baghdad, and one of the key figures in the transmission and both the Aristotelian and Galenic traditions. The essay of Abū al-Faraj is concerned almost exclusively with rūhcombining dot below, specifically the different types of psychic pneuma, each inhabiting one of the three ventricles of the brain, and each responsible for a specific psychic function.