ריפוי בעיסוק בחזית: התערבות עם חיילים נפגעי תגובת קרב במהלך מלחמת "חרבות ברזל"

Introduction: This article describes an occupational therapy (OT) intervention implemented within a combat stress reaction center during the "Iron Swords” War, in Israel. Combat and operational stress reactions (COSR) arise from soldiers' exposure to traumatic events during combat, and manifest as changes in behavior and impairments in personal and military functioning. The goals of OT intervention include facilitating the soldier's rapid return to function, the prevention of impaired well-being and the prevention of the development of post-traumatic stress disorder. While emergency care systems have evolved to address psychological difficulties, there are only few settings that offer OT interventions as an initial response to trauma. Intervention Description: A short-term, function-focused intervention adapted to a combined military and therapeutic unit. Guided by the principles, known as PIE (proximity, immediacy, expectancy) (Everly & Lating, 2013), the intervention's foundation includes a structured therapeutic environment, maintaining daily routine, engaging in military activities, and participating in occupations to promote functioning. The intervention is based on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) and presented through three subsystems: performance (satisfying basic needs required for the soldier's recovery), habituation (maintaining routine and return to roles while supporting positive self-identity as a soldier), and volition (engagement in occupations that support self-efficacy). Discussion and Clinical Implications: The implementation of the OT intervention during the "Iron Swords” War represents a significant step in integrating OT interventions during disaster, trauma, and emergency situations. These interventions have the potential help prevent psychopathology, promote quality of life, and build personal and national resilience. Occupational therapists possess the knowledge and skills that enable them to play key roles in leading this rehabilitation process for individuals and communities.